The optical cable you use is determined by the transceivers that you buy. The most common (short range (SR) low power low cost) sfp+ transceivers are multimode 850nm with LC connectors on them. the fiber that you buy will also depend on the distance you need to go. If I am not mistaken, you can go 300 meters on relatively cheap OM2 fiber cables. you can go kilometers away with fancier transceivers.
As far as what Ethernet card you can use, well it's Ethernet, it's a standard. As long as you buy cards that are designed for standard networking you should be good. It's when you buy cards that were designed for edge use cases that I would worry about it. Also, when you use DAC cables you can get into trouble. Optical seems simpler. When using the switch pick a transceiver it's compatible with, and when using the NIC pick a transceiver that's compatible with it. Otherwise, I don't think you will have many issues.