There could be a difference between using the case as the ground, the main 12V output ground as the ground or Pin23 as the ground. Kind of like how with a GFCI system all the grounds (neutral and safety ground) are connected together at some point, the GFCI trips because the current is returning through the wrong path. Having the current flowing out of Pin24 and into somewhere else than Pin23 might cause some kind of fault state.
Except the current is flowing from Pin24 to Pin23 ...
Based on my Resistance Measurements, ONLY Pin23 is GND, so I assume for both 5Vsb and 12V.
I did NOT check Pin23 to Main_POS and Main_NEG though.
At no load the +12V just turns on and overshoots due to the lack of feedback (my best guess).
Alright, so there is NOT a minimum Load required, thanks.
Loading it down with 4.5A doesn't the voltage.
Well, for 183A Nominal Current, 4.5A is Peanuts

.
The power supply clicks when the AC power cord is plugged in and you get the 3.3V outputs activated.
I don't think there are 3.3V Outputs, those are at least NOT advertised on the Nameplate. It's only 12V and 5Vsb.
I think that the 3.3V are more for Input/Outputs, rather than supply.
I agree that there are lots of 3.3V, BUT they all have high Internal Resistances to GND.
To estimate the Output Resistance (and NOT the Parallel one) we would have to put a variable Load on it.
Or measure the Resistance between Pins, NOT between the Pin and GND, as that would be the Parallel Resistance instead.
These pins have voltages:
-- -- -- -- A4 A5 A6 A7
-- -- B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7
-- -- C2 C3 C4 C5 -- C7
I assume you are only listening the 3.3V, not the 5Vsb.
C3 (Pin20) is 0.00 V in my Case.
And when I load each of them down with the 1.8k resistor I get the following:
A4=0.082V
A5=0.54V
A6=0.082V
A7=0.047V
B2=0.54V
B3=0.54V
B4=0.082V
B5=0.54V
B6=0.082V
B7=0.047V
C2=0.54V
C3=0V (not sure about this one, I have way too many notes).
C4=0.5V
C5=0.5V
C7=2.1V
What do you mean with "load each of them down" ? Do you mean you place the Resistor between the Pin listed and GND ?
For Reference here is my Resistance Measurement to GND:
2,00E+03 | 1,14E+04 | 3,12E+03 | 6,00E+02 | 9,75E+04 | 1,09E+04 | 9,78E+04 | 2,00E+08 |
3,84E+03 | 5,70E+03 | 1,10E+04 | 2,68E+03 | 9,82E+04 | 1,09E+04 | 9,65E+04 | 2,00E+08 |
3,63E+03 | 1,00E+04 | 1,10E+04 | 6,00E+06 | 3,75E+07 | 1,80E+07 | 0,00E+00 | 1,93E+03 |
The higher the voltage the more current the pin is capable of providing. This is how I narrowed the pins down. C7 (Pin24) being physically shorter than the rest had to be the "Am I plugged into the server?" pin. I reasoned that the PS_ON had to be one of the 0.54V pins, so I tested each of them with different value resistors until I hit B2 and the PSU turned on.
PS_KILL was the easy one being shorten

. And the Pin nearby had nearly 0 Ohm to Chassis

.
PS_ON on the other Hand, to be honest, with my 470 Ohm Resistor I tried to connect each and every one of them to GND. It made no difference at all.
So in Theory you could still double the Voltage (so your 1.8kOhm Resistance could still be doubled), so roughly 3.6 kOhm should be the absolute maximum.
Voltage Divider:
3.3V * (Rload) / (Rout + Rload) = 0.54V with Rload = 1.8 kOhm
3.3 * Rload = 0.54*Rout + 0.54*Rload
Rout = (3.3-0.54)/0.54 * Rload = 5.11 * 1.8 kOhm = 9.2kOhm
So I still don't see why it would NOT work with a short Circuit, that should obviously be current limited by the series 9.2 kOhm.
Or 470 Ohm or 2x470 Ohm in Series for that Matter ...
I also did the table of resistances for each pin to ground:
A0=4.8k A1=11.4k A2=3k A3=600 A4=99k A5=12k A6=99k A7=O/L
B0=4.8k B1=8.9k B2=11.9k B3=3.6k B4=99k B5=11.9k B6=98k B7=O/L
C0=4.8k C1=10k C2=11.9k C3=O/L C4=15M (value lowers slowly when measured) C5=15M (value lowers slowly when measured) C6=0.02 (GND) C7=2.9k
Quite a big Difference on A0 (
Red) and some differences in
Orange. See my Measurement Table above.
Next I'm going to be looking at the C4 and C5 pins, the suspiciously high resistance kind of looks like it's going to an op-amp, which could mean voltage feedback.
If that doesn't work I'll have to look for the I2C bus with an oscilloscope.
So you think the Header I mentioned in one of my Posts is for I2C ? I was kinda hoping UART to be honest ...
To be honest I don't know where it's going wrong for me. It could be a crappy Breadboard, some bad Connection on some of the Pins (are these Jumper Wires reliable at all on that 24 Pins Signal Headers ???), but I definitively don't get any Output ever

.
EDIT 1: and of course the PSU shows Amber LED on AC Fault & DC Fault, in my Case. And the Green Status LED is permanently OFF.
The ONLY way to get rid of those Amber Lights, weirdly enough, was to bridge the 5Vsb to the adjacent Pins ...