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All of these Chinese minipc sellers are going to give you a cheap, crappy power supply, including CWWK. Even if it’s supposedly a name brand power supply, the guts are usually replaced with junk. IMO you should always replace it with a known quality brand.

Ubiquiti recently released a whole bunch of 2.5Gb switches. Definitely not cheap, though.

No issues for me, but I run linux rather than freebsd.

That’s correct. What I have linked in the post are what I recommend. The first BIOS we had access to is the only one they didn’t mess with.

I don't fix anything. I just flip some switches in the BIOS. Newer BIOS's might fix this, but the problem is they messed with things like C-states that you can't undo, making them not feasible to use.

That's correct, it does not have CAKE, which is only available on linux. OPNSense is FreeBSD.

AES performance has no relevance to wireguard since wireguard does not use AES.

This is great, thanks! I'll be putting this to use next chance I get. Can you edit your post to link to the post that has the BIOS? That way people have the warning and instructions that go with it.

No, OPNSense/FreeBSD is slow. Here is my testing. I run linux bare metal now.

I can't confirm the packet drops, but I can confirm the performance hit. I switched to linux after testing showed 3x+ throughput difference.

I've had no issues in linux. Perhaps it's a BSD issue?

For the 8505, a quality 60W supply is enough. I use a 60W with my 8505 with no issues. When you step up to the 1235U you need a 90W. The 60W they supply with the unit, though, may or may not be enough. Even if it's a "name brand", a lot of times the guts of it are swapped with junk. My opinion...

I do all my mods on macos. If it stays there until it thermal throttles, you're good. If OTOH it drops to around 15-20W after a couple seconds, you're hitting the TDC problem.

I'd bet that's a 13th gen. You sure you didn't order an 1335?

Is it an AMI BIOS? If it is, tell me where to download it, and I might be able to get you set up.

That will work fine. IIRC, that was in response to someone who couldn't get the 12V.

You're at ~3W at idle. The peak is ~17W so your speedtest adds 14W.

An N100 should take you pretty far. You mentioned QOS so if you choose to use Linux, I think you could pretty easily do CAKE shaping at 1Gb/s on the N100.

The top one is your package power so it’s the main one you care about. You can see in your first spike it went up 13-14W. That’s on par with what I get when doing a 1Gb/s download with NAT and CAKE shaping.

I use netdata, which has a powercap graph. A simpler method is to use the s-tui tool.